Maths
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Patterns, chance and the numbers hiding in everyday things.
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Why a treatment can win in every group and still lose overall: Simpson's paradox
Treatment B beats Treatment A overall, yet A wins for small stones and for large stones. That is Simpson's paradox, and it is real data from a kidney-stone…
Why seven shuffles are enough to mix a deck of cards
A 52-card deck can be put in about 8 × 10^67 different orders, yet a few quick shuffles leave a lot of the old order behind. In 1992 Dave Bayer and Persi…